Sprayer



0, WLJOHNSON AND R. MILNE.

SPRAYER. APPLICATION FILED-JAN- 29, 19l8.

2 swans-SHEET 1.

0. W. JOHNSON ANDF R. MILNE.

SPRAYER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 29. l918 Patented July H WW.

2 SHEETS-SHEET ill .lED sArE} oscan w. ironnrson' AND nonnnr MIJLNE, or noconn, 'rrnrnors, muons 'ro SPRAYER.

eas es.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 529, ram. Serial No. 214337.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, USCAR W. donut son and Bonner MILNE, citizens of the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of Winnebago and State of llllinois, have invented certain new and useful limprovements in Sprayers, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates in general to apparatus for spraying trees, shrubberyand the like for immunizing and freeing them of insect growth, and has more particular reference to the construction ofthe spray nozzle and the means for controlling the delivery of the spraying fluid therefrom.

Tn the use of such apparatus it is desirable to obtain a variable spray so that far and near objects may be sprayed with a proper delivery by simply manlpulating at will acontrol member to change the spray from a widely scattering character for close work to a narrow stream-like spray for objects more distant. It is also desired to obtain a graduated change in the character of the spray from one limit to the other according to the position and nature of the objectives," so that the work may be performed in a mosteffectual and economical manner. Also, in some instances it is necessary for the operator to climb into trees in order to reach high branches; consequently, taking into consideration the various and changing requirements of the work, it is desired to deliver to the objectives operator.

In the present invention, We have aimed toprovide a spray nozzle and control therefor of generally improved construction, whereby the desired objects mentioned above may be attained in a most practical and satisfactory manner.

in furtherance of within the range of the this general object, we

have incorporated in our spraying device various novel features which will be briefly mentioned at present and more fully described in the following specification. One

of.the features resides in the provision of means for mixing the fluid in a novel mannor to produce the different spraying effects. Another resides in the special manner in whichthe liquid is delivered to the mixing means, and able adjusting means for governing the delivery of liquid to the mixer and consesecure any variation in the instantly the proper spray trating the several another in the manually .ope'r.

V casing. The fluid through certain passages within the casing 11 v.quently determining the nature of the spray .delivered therefrom. By reason of the foregoing, the high pressure of the liquid is handled vibration and sharp jerking of the spraying tool when commencing to spray, and a manually adjustable control member is provided by means of which the operator by simple finger manipulation iently and instantly commence to spray and character of the discharge. Tn fact, the spraying tool is practically a one-hand tool, that is, it can be carried and manipulated entirely by either hand, and as a result, various advantages follow. An operator may easily work while In a tree, employing one hand to carry and manipulate the spraying tool and the other to holdhimself in position. Furthermore, the tool is so designed that the attaching hlpse connects directly to the rear end of t e thereof in direct alinement with the deliv ery nozzle so that the hose will not become quickly worn and leaky from handling.

These and other objects and advantages will be more readily appreciated as the in vention becomes better understood by reference to the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side embodying our improvements;

Fig. 2, a longitudinal. sectional view through the sprayer; Figs. 3, 4t, 5 and 6, views respectively illusvariations in the char actor of the spray delivered by our improved sprayer;

ig. 7, a longitudinal sectional View through the nozzle of the sprayer and illustrating a full working size of the present embodiment of our improvements; and Fig. 8, a cross-sectional view through the nozzle taken on the line 8--8 of Fig.

Referring especially to Figs. 2, 7 and 8 illustrating the construction of the nozzle, it will be observed that the latter consists primarily ofa suitably shaped casing designated generally by reference character 11 threadingly engaged on the end of a pipe section 12 through which the spraying fluid is delivered under a high pressure to the is adapted to pass in such a way as to prevent may OOIIVBIP elevation of a sprayer tool, or rather, to the handle portion to a chamber 13, from whence it is delivered through a small orifice 14 in a disk 15, which defines the outer Wall of said chamber. A centrally apertured cap 16 threadedly engaged on the casing 11, 'as shown, clamps the disk 15 and a rubber spacing gasket 17 to the casing 11. Thus, a sealed circular chamber is provided at the end of the casing 11 having a small central discharge orifice 14. Within the casing '11, we have provided a valve adapted to be normally held seated or closed partly by the high pressure of the liquid for preventing the same from entering the chamber 13. Referring especially to Fig. 7, it will be seen that the movable element 18 secured to an operating rod 19 is adapted to be seated on the valve seat ring 21 which has a central passage 22. This valve seat member, clamped in position by the pipe 12 against an annular shoulder 23 integral with the casing may be removed and reversed after the casing 11 is unscrewed from the pipe section 12. 'In order to insure a tight valve, the element 18 is provided with a face 24 of rubber .or other suitable material adapted to seat on the member 21. While themeans for operating the valve rod 19 will be described hereinafter, it might be here mentioned that the rod is constantly urged by an expansion spring 25 in a lengthwise direction for holding the valve 18 closed. Thus, in the intervals between spraying the liquid supply is shut off by the valve 18 which is held seated, not only by the spring 25 but also by the high pressure of the liquid.

Intermediate the valve 18 and the chamber 13 we have provided means for causing liquid to be delivered to the chamber so that it will revolve within the same and be discharged through the orifice 14 in a centrifugal spray and also for causing the delivery to the chamber to be varied in a predetermined manner by novel means for modifying the character of the spray. Generally stated, this means comprises a series of spirally inclined passages through which the liquid having passed through the valve opening 22 will be delivered to the chamber 13 at circumferentially spaced points so as to revolve or swirl rapidly within the chamber and discharge through its central orifice 14 in a relatively wide delivering centrifugal spray, and also includes a series of ports arranged at different distances from the chamber 13 and through one or more of which varying quantities of liquid may be by-passed from that liquid being supplied through the first mentioned passages and delivered to the chamber 13 in a manner to modify the character *of the spray delivery. In the present instance, these inclined passages andseries of ports or passages are formed in a single member des ignated generally by reference character 26, which in reality defines the inner Wall of the chamber 13. As shown in Fig. 7, the member 26 fits at its outer end in an annular recess 27 in the casing 11 and is clamped in position by the cap 16 through the agency of the intermediate parts 15 and 17 as is obvious. A plurality of circumferentially spaced and spirally inclined passages 28 through the member 26 serves to direct the liquid to the chamber 13 in the manner just described for producing the relatively wide centrifugal spraying efi'ect. The valve operating rod 19 extending beyond the valve 18 passes through a central opening 29 in the member 26 and terminates in a rounded or pointed end 31 normally projecting beyond the face of the member 26 and also projecting slightly when the valve 18 has been unseated sufiiciently to deliver the wide spray mentioned. This rounded or pointed end 31 serves as a pilot means for directing the swirling liquid to the orifice 14 and producing the desired spraying effect. The body of the member 26 isalso provided with a series of ports or passages 32, 33 and 34 inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle and respectively arranged at different distances from the chamber 13 as is plainly shown in Fig. 7. These passages are arranged to enter the central passage 29 tangentially as shown in Fig. 8, so that liquid will be delivered rotatably, that is, in a rotating stream to the 'central passage, and consequently to the chamber 13, in a manner to have the desired modifying effect on the spray dclivery. The outer end of the valve rod 19, it will be noted normally closes the ports 32, 33 and 34, and by withdrawing the rod sufficiently one or more of these ports will be opened, thus allowing a portion of the liquid being supplied to the chamber to by-pass through the open ports and be delivered centrally to the chamber at an angle in the manner just previously mentioned. As a result of the foregoing construction, when the valve rod 19 is initially operated to unseat the valve 18, the liquid will be delivered through the passages 28 to the chamber 13 and a relatively wide spray will be produced, such for example as illustrated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. When the rod 19 is further retracted so as to open the ports 32, the delivery of liquid to the chamber 13 will be modified, producing a spraying effect of substantially the character indicated in Fig. 4, and so on, as the rod is further retracted to successively open 'spray to a narrow far-reaching stream, all

naaaaee v of which are of a centrifugal character'so that even in the narrow stream'the delivery is broken up and diffused instead of being in a substantially solid body. These distinct variations, however, may be more or less graduated .by only partially opening or closing the several ports 32, 33 and 34L.

extends through a stu ng box 37 and is threadingly secured to a cylindrical member 38 slidable lengthwise in the casing and provided'with a rack' face 39. A companion. rach ll meshes with the rack 39 and is formed integral with a hand lever 42 interposed between and pivotally mounted upon the spaced ears l3 projecting laterally from i manner, by which the val,

will

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b9 ment employing coeperating rac elements,

the casing 35. This hand lever 42 is arranged so that it may bemanipulated' by the same hand that carries the spraying device, and by reference to Fig. 1 it will be evident that in view of the fact thatthe manipulation is a simple hand closing movement the leveroperating movementis quite limited. However, as will. be presently seen, we ob- "tain from this limited lever -movement the desired movement of the valve for securing the various spray deliverr 'E'lln addition to this, we transmit toy yalve operating rod 19', the movemen yparted to the lever 42 in, a particula advantageous 18 will be unseated against the high liquid pressure by a powerful leverage, soithstt this first valve may be opened very evenly without vibration or jerkingof the valve, and by which the valve rod is subsequently moved with less leverage advantage but faster with respect to the lever movement for opening the series of ports which modify the spraying effect. Various means ma be interposed between the lever-.42 or a similar operating member and the valve 19- for obtaining the desired valve'moveme'rlt, and in the present. instance we have illustrated a sin le embodithe driving element of which is formed integral with the operating lever, which in turn is ivotal about different centers to change t e leverage for the purpose just previously mentioned; Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be noted that the lever is of a general bell crank shape provided .with a pivot pin 41:4: projecting laterally from both sides of the lever at the juncture of its arms, and a similar pivot pin a5 positioned-adjacent to the outer end of the rack, armof the lever. That portion of the rack 4L1 engagllli ing the rack 39, as shown in Fig. 2, is formed on an arc struck from the center of thepivot 45, and the remaining portion is formed concentric with the pivot 4%. Normally, the lever 42 is disposed in the position shown, with the opposite ends of the pin es en gaging the ends 4th of recesses formed in the sides of the casing 35 and the ends of the pivot pin 45 disposed in the ends 47 of arcuate slots 48 formed in the cars 43 concentric with the pivot pin 45 when the same is in the lever for-the purpose of opening the ports 32, 33 and at, the lever will swing about the pivot pin at whichhas, by the initial operating movement of the lever, been moved into contact with the ends 4:9 of the slots l8. By

this meansthe valve 18 may be easily opened either gradually or instantly by a simple hand closing movement against a very high liquid pressure, thus obviating entirely the difiicultie's following from previous spraying tools wherein the adjustment was very slow or was subject to vibration and kicking due to the impractical manner in which the valve was 0 ened against the high fluid pressure. In ig. 2, we have indicated the positions assumed by the lever for producing theseveral spraying effects illustrated in Figs. 3, a, 5 and 6, these positions being subtantially indicated by'the dotted lines 3, 4L, 5 and 6' respectively. lit will, of course, be understood that the operation is not necessarily limited tothese particular variations, since as mentioned above, the changes may be made gradually by slowly adjusting the operating member intermediate the points indicated. The operator can, however, distinctly feel the change from the wide spray 3 to the more narrow spray 4', this being due to the fact that the change in leverage occurs practically at the time the port 32 is opened. This is very desirable as it enables the operator to govern the spray largely by feeling the'position of the lever l2 rather than by continually watching the delivery of the liquid.

' From the foregoing it will be manifest that the spraying device is practically a one hand tool, that is, it can'be carried and operated'entirely by one hand. This is due mainly to the construction and arrangement of the, valve 0 eratingmeans, by reason of which the var ous spraying effects are obq tained as described above, by a simple hand lld lltt

' changed automatically while operating the ous valve movements by simple operation of a hand lever in which the leverage is spraying liquid contains particles which under the most favorable conditions clog the nozzle in a very short time so that the same must be uite frequently disassembled and cleaned. ln other constructions it is almost invariably necessary to stop the pumping means supplying the liquid in order to clean the nozzle, but with our improvements the parts of the nozzle may be quickly disassembled and cleaned at any time during the operation. This is because the valve 18 nor; mally stops the delivery and permits of refmoving the cap 16 and the member 26 for cleaning the latter and the' nozzle parts without stopping the operation of the pump. It is believed that the foregoing description conveys a clear understanding of the construction and. operation of our improvements and of the objects prefaced above, and it should be understood that while we have illustrated one working embodiment of our improvements, various changes might be made in the construction and arrangement without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

We claim :v

1. In a spraying device, the combination of a mixing chamber, a conduit for supply- "ing liquid thereto, a valve in the conduit,

' thereto for varying the character of the discharge from the chamber, and means controlled from a common operating member having a double fulcrum for opening the first mentioned valve with a given leverage advantage whereby liquid will be delivered rotatably to the chamber and for subsequently operating said valve controlled means with less leverage advantage but greater movement to vary the character of the discharge.

2. In a-device of the. character described,

a delivery nozzle, a valve controlled passage through which liquid is supplied to said nozzle including a valve normally held seated by pressure of liquidin the passage and another valve for modifying the character of the discharge from the nozzle, and a common operating means for operatin both valves having a double fulcrum an constructed to unseat the first valve against said pressure with a greater leverage advantage than when operating the second valve.

3. In a spray gun device of the character described, the combination of a delivery nozzle containing valve means for varying the character of the discharge, a bell crank member for actuating thevalve means one arm of which bell crank is manually operable and the other connects with said valve means, and a double fulcrum for said bell crank member for changing the leverage during operation of said member.

4. In a spray gun device of the character described, the combination of a delivery nozzle containing valve means for varying the character of the discharge, a segmental rack for actuating the valve means and having a changeable fulcrum, and means for oscillating the rack whereby the fulcrum will be changed during such oscillation to secure the greatest leverage advantage during the initial movement and less leverage but greater valve movement during subsequent oscillation of the segmental rack.

5. In a spray gun, the combination of a nozzle havin a chamber in which the liquid rotates and from which it is delivered in a relatively wide spray, a series of ports-com- ,municating with said chamber, a valve for advantage but greater movement.

'osoAR w. JOHNSON. ROBERT MILNE. 

